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Heat exchange devices constitute several crucial components in automotive cooling systems such as radiator, A/C condenser and evaporator. Enhancement of thermal performance on these devices is critical for improved energy efficiency and design of the automobiles. A novel approach to enhance convective heat transfer is the use of nanofluids by seeding a very small amount of nanoparticles into the base fluid to form a stable dispersion.
Elankathiravan (Elan) Mathivanan, under the direction of Dr. Liping Liu, experimentally studied the effect of various nanofluids on automotive engine cooling. Elan mixed different types of nanoparticles such as Al2O3, TiC, SiC, MWNT (multi-walled nanotube), and SiO2 nanoparticles with distilled water and ethylene glycol to form nanofluids. An ultrasonic generator was used to generate uniform particle dispersion in the fluid. Elan studied the behavior of different nanoparticles using an Environmental Scanning Electron Microscope (ESME) and investigated the impact of various particle types and their volume concentration on fluid properties such as thermal conductivity, density and viscosity. Elan also set up an engine cooling performance testing apparatus to experimentally measure the impact of nanofluids on the cooling performance on an Aprilia SXV 450 engine used for the LTU’s Formula SAE vehicle. Elan compared the results of heat transfer capability for cooling system with and without nanoparticle seeding. He observed that the heat dissipation capacity of nanofluids increased with increasing volume concentration of nanoparticles and also with increasing coolant flow rate
Elan’s master thesis project was funded by the Denso North America Foundation.
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